Pistons for internal combustion engines



Dec. 13, 1960 I w. F. MORGAN 2,964,364

PISTONS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 6, 195a William F.Morgen.

BY/a

ATTORNEY.

United States Patent PISTONS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES William F.Morgan, 1401 S. Jefferson Ave., Saginaw, Mich.

Filed Feb. 6, 1958, Ser. No. 713,670

1 Claim. (Cl. 309-9) This invention relates to a piston for an internalcombustion engine designed with the object in view, first to distributethe temperature as much as possible evenly throughout the structure ofthe piston; secondly to reduce the weight of the piston withoutimpairing the required strength of same; thirdly to reduce frictioncaused by an uneven expansion, which would increase the flow oflubricating oil into the combustion chamber; and fourthly to provideadequate support of the wrist pin.

Thus the main object of the pillar straps support, which have the wristpin afiixed and suspended from the celing, is to by-pass the excessiveheat which has a tendency to effect the piston walls at the wrist pinsection.

With the above and other objects in view, this invention consists of thenovel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts,hereinafter fully described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing forming part of this application, and in which similarcharacters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all views, andin which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a partly sectional view.

Figure 4 is also a partly sectional view; while Figure 5 is a horizontalview of Figure 4.

In the customary construction of pistons in combustion engines, thewrist pin bosses are cast to the interior sides of the piston walls, orto cross struts which are supported by side walls of the piston when theconnecting rod is assembled with the piston and wrist pin; this type ofconstruction has the tendency to expand the piston into anon-cylindrical or out of round shape, as the temperature will flowdirectly to the wrist pin bosses, that is a mass of material, andaccordingly expands more than the thin walled parts of the piston. Mynew construction of a piston for an internal reciprocating combustionengine is entirely different, as the aforesaid objects in view in regardto the construction of said piston are accomplished as hereinafter setforth.

The piston as shown in Figures 1 and 2 has on its inner ceiling headdownwardly suspended two pillar metal struts 12 for each of the wristpin bosses 14, which latter have no connection with the outer wall 16 ofthe piston. Both wrist pin boss struts 12 have a cross strap with thespace clearance 18 from the ceiling and the connecting rod assembly. Thestrap 15 support the struts 12 to check vibration of said struts andpiston.

The wrist pin bosses 14 are parallel to the wrist pin assembly. To theinner side of the piston wall 16 are cast under each wrist pin boss ablock 22 serving as a support to the wrist pin bosses as at 26, so thatthe heat transfer to the piston wall and the vibration are considerablyreduced.

As in this construction the mass of the material is separated, as shownin Figure 1 by the space 34, the heat from the celing of the piston isevenly transferred to the lower part of the piston, whereby is avoided adeformation of the piston wall 16 expanding unevenly and pressingagainst the cylinder walls on one side while giving room on the otherside so as to permit oil to work itself upwardly to the combustionchamber; thus by eliminating such disadvantages a free working evenlyspaced piston is operating within the cylinder, as shown herein.

A further advantage obtained for the combustion engine is that thepiston is light of weight, as the wrist pin 28 is anchored to theconnecting rod 36 by a bolt 30, and the bearings 38 are placed in thetwo wrist pin bosses 14, whereby the wrist pin bosses can be madeshorter.

Another piston assembly whereby to obtain similar results, as above, isthat the piston is made of two parts, an upper part 50 with the metalstrap and bosses, and another lower and cylindrical part 52 which isfastened to the upper part by means of studs 54 and nuts 56.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the form, construction andarrangement of the several parts, as shown, within the scope of theappended claim, without departing from the spirit of the invention, andI do not, therefore, wish to limit myself, to the exact constructionshown and described herein.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is:

A piston having wrist pin bosses connected to a connecting rod by awrist pin, the head of said piston having -.an inner ceiling, a pair oftwo pillar metal struts suspended from said ceiling head, eachconnecting a wrist pin boss thereto, said wrist pin bosses having noconnection with the inner wall of said piston, said wrist pin bossstruts being connected by a cross strut having space clearance from saidinner ceiling, said wrist pin being coaxially journalled in said bossesand blocks secured to the inner wall of the piston and arranged underthe wrist pin bosses to support said bosses, whereby the heat transferto the piston wall and the vibration are reduced.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,427,930 Baker Sept. 5, 1922 1,494,483 Howe May 20, 1924 1,745,860Noble Feb. 4, 1930 1,752,816 Sologaistoa Apr. 1, 1930 2,017,348 LongOct. 15, 1935 2,494,748 Ernestus Jan. 17, 1950

